A monastery arose in the desert, then the abbey church, and gradually a little lay community placed itself under the protection of the religious one.

He had added to the empire Spain, Africa, and Asia; and Rome, which he had found merely the first community of Italy, was at his death mistress of the civilized world.

All Italy and all Latin colonies in Cisalpine Gaul, together with all allied communities in Cisalpine Gaul south of the Po, received the franchise.