At least, we have authority for supposing this, when, for instance, in 1418, we see the Paris executioner, who was then captain of the bourgeois militia, coming in that capacity to touch the hand of the Duke of Burgundy, on the occasion of his solemn entry into Paris with Queen Isabel of Bavaria.

"The Sunday after the middle of August," says "The Journal of a Bourgeois of Paris," "there came to Paris twelve so-called pilgrims, that is to say, a duke, a count, and ten men, all on horseback; they said that they were very good Christians, and that they came from Lower Egypt; ... and on the 29th of August, the anniversary of the beheading of St. John, the rest of the band made their appearance.

The gipsies retired to the monastery of the Augustin friars, in which they fortified themselves: the bourgeois besieged them, and would have committed summary justice on them, but the authorities interfered, and some twenty of the vagrants were arrested, but they sued for mercy, and were discharged.

After them came the various monastic orders; and then followed a crowd of bourgeois magnificently dressed.

Moreover, this magnificence and display (see chapter on Private Life) was not confined to the court, for we find that it extended to the bourgeois class, since Philippe le Bel, by his edict of 1294, endeavoured to limit this extravagance, which in the eyes of the world had an especial tendency to obliterate, or at least to conceal, all distinctions of birth, rank, and condition.

"Towards the year 1280," he says, "the dress of a mannot of a man as the word was then used, which meant serf, but of one to whom the exercise of human prerogatives was permitted, that is to say, of an ecclesiastic, a bourgeois, or a noblewas composed of six indispensable portions: the braies, or breeches, the stockings, the shoes, the coat, the surcoat, or cotte-hardie, and the chaperon, or head-dress.

[Illustration: Fig. 421.Costumes of a young Nobleman and of a Bourgeois in the Fourteenth Century.

[Illustration: Fig. 424.Costumes of Bourgeois or Merchant, of a Nobleman, and of a Lady of the Court or rich Bourgeoise, with the Head-dress (escoffion) of the Fifteenth Century.

426.Costumes of a Mechanic's Wife and a rich Bourgeois in the latter part of the Fifteenth Century.

[Illustration: Fig. 431.Costumes of a Nobleman or a very rich Bourgeois, of a Bourgeois or Merchant, and of a Noble Lady or rich Bourgeoise, of the Time of Louis XII.From Miniatures in Manuscripts of the Period, in the Imperial Library of Paris.]

[Illustration: Fig. 431.Costumes of a Nobleman or a very rich Bourgeois, of a Bourgeois or Merchant, and of a Noble Lady or rich Bourgeoise, of the Time of Louis XII.From Miniatures in Manuscripts of the Period, in the Imperial Library of Paris.]

We may remark that the costume of the bourgeois was for a long time almost unchanged, even in the towns.

Happiness is such a materialist, a creature of coarse tastes and literal pleasures, a bourgeois who has not yet attained the rank of a soul.

Yet, in spite of this true sympathy with suffering and his desire to help, he was narrow as a telegraph wire and unbending as a church pillar; he was intensely selfish; intolerant as an officer of the Inquisition, his bourgeois soul constructed a revolting scheme of heaven that was reproduced in miniature in all he did and planned.

That picture in the dining room stalked everywhere, hid behind every tree, peered down upon me from the peaked ugliness of the bourgeois towers, and left the impress of its powerful hand upon every bed of flowers.

To find such significance in a bourgeois villa garden, and to interpret it with such delicate yet legible certainty, was a kind of symbolism that was sinister, even diabolical.

"Si le costume bourgeois," says George Sand, in Le Péché de M. Antoine, "de notre époque est le plus triste, le plus incommode et le plus disgracieux, que la mode ait jamais inventé, c'est surtout au milieu des champs que tous ses inconvénients et toutes ses laideurs révoltent....

LE BOURGEOIS EN COLÈRE Un bon bourgeois ayant appris que plusieurs de ses parents s'étaient trouvés à un repas de famille auquel il n'avait pas été invité s'écria en colère: "Eh bien!

LE BOURGEOIS EN COLÈRE Un bon bourgeois ayant appris que plusieurs de ses parents s'étaient trouvés à un repas de famille auquel il n'avait pas été invité s'écria en colère: "Eh bien!

L'HOMME DUPE DE SA CRÉDULITÉ Un bourgeois de Lyon, fort riche, ayant fait tirer son horoscope, mangea, pendant le temps qu'il croyait avoir à vivre, tout ce qu'il avait.

By Virgil Bourgeois.

Virgil Bourgeois (A); 27Aug73; R557706.

Bourgeois de Paris.

Several small fields, or different parts of a large one, were provided with music, distinguished by flags, and appropriated to the several classes of dancersone for the peasants, another for the bourgeois, and a third for the higher orders.

BOURGEOIS, SIR FRANCIS, painter to George III.; left his collection to Dulwich College, and £10,000 to build a gallery for them (1756-1811).