Thus the sides of the plain through which the river ran before it turned west to Cooper's Creek were 150 feet below the tangential level of the centre channels, and even the summit of the sandstone tableland which rose beyond was below the visible horizon.

tangential. hand to hand; close to &c (near) 197; with no interval &c 198.

We might cite a large number of analogous examples, but shall be content to give the following: Figs. 13 and 15 represent radial and tangential sections of the bark of Syringodendron pes-capræ.

15 shows in tangential section the fibrous aspect of this tissue, which has been rendered denser through compression.

The breech engages in the breech piece, leaving the A tube with its full strength for tangential strain (vide Fig.).

In the case of oak and certain other hardwoods these rays are so large that they are readily seen not only on a radial surface, but on the tangential as well.

R. Hartig believes that freezing forces out a part of the imbibition water of the cell walls, thereby causing the wood to shrink, and if the interior layers have not yet been cooled, tangential strains arise which finally produce radial clefts.

In pine, over 15,000 of these occur on a square inch of a tangential section, and even in oak the very large rays which are readily visible to the eye as flakes on quarter-sawed material represent scarcely one per cent of the number which the microscope reveals.

Only in a tangential direction, or around the stick in direction of the annual rings of growth, do the two forces coincide.

Another factor to the same end is that the denser bands of late wood are continuous in a tangential direction, while radially they are separated by alternate zones of less dense early wood.

Consequently the shrinkage along the rings (tangential) is fully twice as much as toward the centre (radial).

When a round or a box-heart timber dries fast it splits radially, and as drying continues the cleft widens partly on account of the greater tangential shrinkage and also because the greater contraction of the outer fibres warps the sections apart.

Part of the blocks are cut so that the shearing surface is parallel to the growth rings, or tangential; others at right angles to the growth rings, or radial.

Two penetrations each are made on the tangential and radial surfaces, and one on each end of every specimen tested.

One of each two will be tested in radial shear and the other in tangential shear.

(For sketches showing radial and tangential cleavage, see Fig.

Two penetrations will be made on a tangential surface, two on a radial, and one on each end of each specimen tested.

The choice between the two radial and between the two tangential surfaces and the distribution of the penetrations over the surfaces will be so made as to get a fair average of heart and sap, slow and fast growth, and spring and summer wood.

These photographs will show radial, tangential, and end surfaces for each specimen.

RADIAL AND TANGENTIAL SHRINKAGE Specimens Preparation: Two specimens 1 inch thick, 4 inches wide, and 1 inch long will be obtained from near the periphery of each "d" bolt.

They will be taken from adjoining pieces chosen so that the results will be comparable for use in determining radial and tangential shrinkage.

The other will have its width in the tangential direction and will be used for tangential shrinkage.

The other will have its width in the tangential direction and will be used for tangential shrinkage.

Marking: The shrinkage specimens will retain the shipment and piece numbers and marks of the bolts from which they are taken, and will have the additional mark 7R or 7T according as their widths are in the radial or tangential direction.

These wheels were of wire tangential spokes; they do not look so well as the smart, heavy, substantial wooden wheels one sees on nearly all imported machines and on some American.