This tradition, as the labors of many scholars, especially Spingarn, have shown, reached England both directly through the publication of classical writings and to an even greater degree indirectly through the commentaries and original treatises of Italian scholars.

As Spingarn has shown, this tradition of the French middle ages persisted in the works of Du Bellay and Ronsard, whose works in turn inspired Gascoigne.

As Spingarn points out, Ben Jonson was first led to classicism in poetical theory by the example of Sidney.

It was to save the poets from such attacks that Aristotle asserts that poetry deals with the universal, not with the particular.[309] Or, as Spingarn explains his meaning, "Poetry has little regard for the actuality of specific event, but aims at the reality of an eternal probability.

In his study of the function of poetry in the literary criticism of the Italian renaissance, Spingarn has shown that the characteristic opinions reflect the ideas of Horace in his famous line, Aut prodesse volunt aut delectare poetae.

The Thomistic philosophy which included rhetoric and poetic in logic, whereas Aristotle had classified the three arts as coördinate within the same category, seems, says Spingarn, "to have been accepted by the scholastic philosophers of the middle ages."

That the main line of his argument and his best material is drawn from Minturno and Scaliger, as Spingarn has demonstrated, in no way invalidates his claim to distinction.

Spingarn, Critical Essays of the Seventeenth Century, I, 2. χειραγωγια Manductio ad Artem Rhetoricam ante paucos annos in privatum scholarium usum concinnata (London, 1621)

Spingarn, p. 313.

Spingarn, I, 214.

Spingarn, I, 107. Ibid., I, 142. Ibid., I, 182. Ibid., I, 188, 185.

Spingarn, I, 206.

[260] Spingarn, I, 206.

Reason of Church Government (1641), in Spingarn, I, 194.

Spingarn, p. 35.

Ded. to Volpone, Spingarn, I. 15. Ibid.

Spingarn, I, 28-29.

Ded to Volpone, Spingarn, I, 12.

Spingarn, I, 67.

Spingarn, I, 117-120.

Spingarn, I, 186-187.

R117085, 9Sep53, Robert E. Spiller (A) SPINGARN, AMY. Humility and pride; illustrated by the author.

© 30Sep26, A949389. R122726, 21Dec53, Amy Spingarn (A) <pb id='294.png' />

R117085, 9Sep53, Robert E. Spiller (A) SPINGARN, AMY. Humility and pride; illustrated by the author.

© 30Sep26, A949389. R122726, 21Dec53, Amy Spingarn (A) <pb id='294.png' />