When the working men of the nineteenth century, the Chartists in England and the "men of '48" in Germany vigorously demanded the franchise, national parliaments had already begun to regulate the condition of mines and the labor of little children.

We recall that the final entrance of the middle class into government was characterized by two dramatic revolutions, one in America and one in France, neither of them without bloodshed, and that although the final efforts of the working men were more peaceful, even in restrained England the Chartists burned hayricks and destroyed town property.

Do you know, sir, I long at times that I did agree with those Chartists?

And then they wonder why men turn Chartists!

" Accounts from various parts of this land continue to indicate much unsettlement, and there have been large companies of Chartists in the immediate vicinity of London; but happily the civil power proved equal to their dispersion.

At last some danger was apprehended from the monster meetings and inflammatory speeches of the Chartists, and government resolved to suppress the whole movement by the strong arm.

The Chartists, overrating their strength, held a great meeting on Kensington Common, and sent a petition of more than five millions of names to the House of Commons; but instead of half a million who were expected to assemble on the Common with guns and pikes, only a few thousand dared to meet, and the petition itself was discovered to be forged, chiefly with fictitious names.

While collecting materials for his Life of Cromwell, Carlyle became deeply interested in the movements of the Chartists, composed chiefly of working-men with socialistic tendencies.

An average English labourer, I fear, if put in possession of half a dozen acres of land, would fare as badly as the poor Chartists who, some twenty years ago, joined in Feargus O'Connor's land scheme, unless he knew half a dozen ways of eking out a livelihood which even our squatters around Windsor and the New Forest are, alas!

The Chartists believed their proposals would improve matters, other working-class leaders believed that a general stoppage of work would be more effective.

Rise of the Chartists.

Rise of the Chartists.

The Chartists, as they called themselves, had advocates even in Parliament, who presented their petitions to the House of Commons, and tried, though unsuccessfully, to give them importance by the appointment of a committee to investigate the character of the reforms which they demanded.

sir, make chartists of 'em all before he's done!

Certainly we avoided the guilt of felony, in England; for it is felony for an alien to take any station of trust or honor under the Queen,and when Mr. Bates and Louis Napoleon were sworn in as special constables on the Chartists' day, they might both have been tried for felony on the information of Fergus O'Connor, and sent to some Old Bailey or other.

I almost fear to give the sentence publicity, lest it should shake the Ministry, and be a rallying-point for Filibustero Chartists.

Right, as chartists were sworn to their articles of demand called their charter.

And the most genuine and purely popular movement that we have had since the Chartists has been the enlistment for this war.

"I don't deny, my friends," wrote Charles Kingsley to the Chartists, "it is much cheaper and pleasanter to be reformed by the devil than by God; for God will only reform society on the condition of our reforming every man his own self, while the devil is quite ready to help us to mend the laws and the Parliament, earth and heaven, without ever starting such an impertinent and 'personal' request as that a man should mend himself.

Like the old Chartists with whom I once spent an evening, they tell you that their politics have been 'all talk'all wordsand there are few among them, except those to whom politics has become a profession or a career, who hold on until through weariness and disappointment they learn new confidence from new knowledge.

In 1839 at Newport twenty chartists were shot in an attempt to seize the town; they were attempting to secure reforms like the abolition of property qualifications for members of Parliament.

The chartists source book; a complete daily record of the 100 most active issues traded on the N.Y. Stock Exchange during 1932.

The chartists source book; a complete daily record of the 100 most active issues traded on the N.Y. Stock Exchange during 1932.

He distances the Chartists altogether in his programme, and adds several new points to their political creed.

Then he is a great friend of a reform which the Chartists grievously overlook, and which would make thousands of them voters if they would adopt it.