Which preposition to use with deformation

in Occurrences 5%

When they came into our hands it was indeed an immense surprise, since no knowledge of such deformation in the South Sea was at hand.

of Occurrences 5%

" This difference appears to have held on till the present; at least no skull of an Indio is known to me with similar deformation of the teeth.

by Occurrences 2%

33.Endwise compression test, showing method of measuring the deformation by means of a compressometer.

per Occurrences 1%

It is the ratio of stress per unit of area to the deformation per unit of { unit stress } length.

Which preposition to use with  deformation